Metamask: Signature verification using web3js

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Metamask Signature Verification Using Web3.js: Troubleshooting

Since you are using Web3.js to sign transactions and verify them in a smart contract, there may be issues with your signature verification. This article will help you troubleshoot common issues that may arise when using Metamask for signature verification.

Issue 1: Incorrect Domain Separator (Dadvisor)

The DomainSeparator is calculated incorrectly by Web3.js. Make sure the following code snippet is correct:

const domainSeparator = ethers.keccak256(
[...,
"0x", // sender address
...// additional addresses, e.g. "0x1234567890abcdef", "0x234567890abcedf", etc.
]
);

The DomainSeparator is calculated by combining the sender address with other addresses in a specific order. The correct order should be:

• Sender address

• Network chain ID (e.g. 4 for Ethereum)

• Contract chain ID (if specified)

Issue 2: Incorrect signature

The signature is not being verified because it is not being signed correctly by Metamask. Make sure you are using the correct sign function and passing the required options:

const tx = {
from: "0x...", // sender address
to: "0x...", // recipient address
value: 10n, // transaction amount
data: [..., / additional data /], // optional data for the contract
};
const signature = await ethers.sign(
tx,
{ privateKey: "0x..." } // your Metamask private key
);

Make sure you pass the correct privateKey option and use the sign function provided by Web3.js.

Issue 3: Insufficient Private Key

If you are using a private key that is not sufficient for verification, you may need to add additional data or specify an error message. Make sure your private key is large enough to sign transactions:

const tx = {
from: "0x...", // sender address
to: "0x...", // recipient address
value: 10n, // transaction amount
};
try {
const signature = await ethers.sign(
tx,
{ privateKey: "0x..." }
);
console.log("Verification successful:", signature);
} catch (error) {
if (error instanceof Error && error.message.includes(" insufficient private key ")) {
throw new Error(Insufficient private key for verification);
} else {
throw error;
}
}

Issue 4: Incorrect chain ID

If you are using a different chain than expected, make sure the chainId is correct. Web3.js uses the default Ethereum chain ID (1). You can specify your own chain ID if needed:

const tx = {
from: "0x...", // sender address
to: "0x...", // recipient address
value: 10n, // transaction amount
};
try {
const signature = await ethers.sign(
tx,
{ privateKey: "0x..." }
);
console.log("Verification successful:", signature);
} catch (error) {
if (error instanceof Error && error.message.includes(" incorrect chain id")) {
throw new Error(Incorrect chain ID for verification);
} else {
throw error;
}
}

Conclusion

By following these troubleshooting steps, you should be able to identify and resolve the issues that are causing Metamask signature verification to fail. Remember to check the private key size, chain ID, and ensure that all required addresses are included in the DomainSeparator calculation.

If you’re still having trouble after trying these solutions, feel free to provide more details about your setup, including your code snippets, error messages, and any relevant information about Metamask and Web3.js.

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